Management Issues and Policies Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Management Issues and Policies - Case Study Example Globally, the firm is rated the ninth merchandising corporation. Additionally, Costco has been regarded the largest seller of fine wine entirely in the world, since October 2007. In the United States in particular, the main challengers operating membership stores are companies such as Sam's Club as well as BJ's Wholesale Club. Between the two competitors, Sam's Club actually has more warehouses than Costco as a matter of comparison. However, Costco does register superior overall sales volume (Costco Wholesale company profile 8). This informs Costco's ability to employ roughly 142,000 employees on full- and part-time basis, including even the seasonal workforce. Costco had about 55 million memberships by September 2009.[update] For financial year 2009, the Costco's sales summed to $71.42 billion of which $1.28 billion formed the firm's net profit. This huge profit margin particularly has been boosted by the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) which crowned Costco the best in retail store industry and further rated it with an achievement of 83 in Q4 in the year 2008. Financially, Costco is doing well. In fact, like all other merchandisers, Costco do make fundamental decisions. These decisions are two fold: first, they pay keen attention at the price at which it sells its products. Second, they also do consider the degree of service it provides to its consumers. With regard to these two key decisions, the firm usually involves relevant departments to establish workable policies. For instance, a department store might be needed to set the price of its merchandise at a relatively higher level and at the same time provide a great deal of service. On the other hand, a discount store might be tasked to price its merchandise at a relatively low level and duly provide limited service. Their commodities or products are also playing a great role to their huge sales volumes. This argument is actually informed by the type of discount they offer to their customers. Their discount stores for example do require a customer to purchase memberships which intern p ermits them to make their purchases in bulk and yet at a reduced wholesale prices hence affordable. According to Needles, B.E. et al (291) in their joint book Principles of Accounting, Costco's financial efficiency and effectiveness are also propelled by their purchases of merchandise in bulk from a number of suppliers. In addition, Costco do put their purchases on racks in its own warehouse-like stores and in turn vend the goods to customers at quite low prices, with negligible individual services. COSTCO'S FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS Operating Results (In million) Fiscal-Year Ended August 28, 2005 August 29, 2004 Change Net revenue $ 52,935 $ 48,107 10.0% Cost of sales 46,347 42,092 10.1 Gross margin $ 6,588 $ 6,015 9.5 Operating expenses 5,114 4,630 10.5 Operating income

Give your reaction to the story, your impression of the story, how it Essay - 2

Give your reaction to the story, your impression of the story, how it relates to your life. just basically compare them to each other - Essay Example The family in The Rocking Horse Winner also preserves their lifestyle, even when they cannot afford it: â€Å"There was always the grinding sense of the shortage of money, though the style was always kept up† (Lawrence). These stories share symbols of superficial opulence that foreshadowed their miserable endings. Miss Brill uses the fur, while The Rocking Horse Winner has the rocking horse. The rocking horse contains Pauls â€Å"secret of secrets† (Lawrence). Paul employs the horse to find luck and money, so that the whisperings in his house about having â€Å"more money† will cease. He dies as he pursues luck, which indicates that going after money as an end in itself is meaningless. In Miss Brill, fur is a dead animals skin and stands for Miss Brills life, which is equally lifeless and depends only on the life of people using it. Miss Brill also relies on using others peoples lives to fill up her empty life. She remains dead, however, being alone and poor. The Rocking Horse Winner and Miss Brill employ symbols to depict that materialism is a horrible human goal, which can only result to misery and death. Money cannot buy love or happiness. It cannot ensure loving human relationships. Paul dies believing that money is everything, while Miss Brill lives on crying inside her glassed life of delusions. They suffered tragic endings, because of their materialistic endeavors in life, and leaves behind the moral: The more people treat materiality as everything, the more that materialism actually takes their

Classroom Engagement And Management Benchmark Assessment

Classroom Engagement And Management Benchmark Assessment I will choose the environment of the middle school classroom. I will do this because I have a strong desire to teach in middle school. The theorists, Marlene and Lee Canter, shape my beliefs and values for working in education. The research on assertive discipline forms the foundation for my personal classroom management plan, which includes strategies for a preventative, supportive and corrective discipline system. I agree with the Canters, Assertive teachers clearly, confidently, and consistently model and express class expectations (Charles, 2011, pg. 73). Frankly, I agree with most of what the Canters management system. My discipline plan will be built upon this system. In addition, I will draw from ideas from Barbara Coloroso and William Glasser. With the assertive discipline system, I have identified core beliefs for creating my classroom discipline plan. The central idea in the assertive discipline model is that the teacher implements negative consequences for misbehavior and positive consequences for appropriate, or good, behavior. I strongly believe this form of discipline can be an effective way to teach students how to behave rather than telling students how they should behave. Since Canters research is so convincing, the primary part my discipline plan relies on the notion that I am able to shape my students behavior by implementing consequences. The Canters point out that for students to want to choose appropriate behavior, and cooperate with you, they need to know that you are concerned about them personally. Students feel most at ease when they are safe both personally and psychologically (McIntyre, n.d.). I believe this statement to be true, with safety is security, with security is trust. As I begin teaching, I want to learn about each student individually. I want the students to know, not through my words, but through my actions and guidance that I do care about them and do care about their successes. In order for me to do this, I have to begin on the first day by finding out something unique and positive about each student and build upon what they have shared with me. Then the student and I can establish some common ground and, this in turn will allow our student-teacher relationship to grow, therefore showing the student that I do truly care about their welfare and academic success. According to the Canters assertive discipline model, the teacher should communicate her/his displeasure to students when they exhibit bad behavior and praise them when they are behaving appropriately (Charles, 2011). Through this communication, the teacher is consistent in enforcing classroom rules and procedures. This communication allows the teacher to reinforce good behavior, which provides a model to misbehaving students that shows them how they should be acting (Charles, 2011). This plan also states that the teacher gives explicit directions to misbehaving students so they know exactly how they are expected to behave in the classroom, which is another aspect of the assertive discipline model that requires clear communication (Charles, 2011). By, establishing a clear set of consequences for misbehavior and appropriate behavior and communicating them clearly to my students is another essential aspect of my discipline plan. Another aspect of the Canters assertive discipline model that I will implement into my classroom management plan is proximity control. Proximity control is when a teacher stands physically close to a misbehaving student in order to nonverbally communicate to the student that she/he is aware of the students misbehavior (McIntyre, n.d.). This method is advantageous to the teacher because it allows the teacher to enforce classroom rules without interrupting the lesson. From my experiences working with middle school students, the proximity control method has proven to be a very effective means of establishing strong classroom management (McIntyre, n.d.). Utilizing proximity control is used quite often by many teachers because of its convenience of not interrupting the lesson by verbalizing the misbehavior to the student(s). Proximity control will be utilized in my plan as reinforcement to help shape my students behavior. Another effective aspect of the Canters assertive discipline theory is repetition is essential in shaping student behavior. For a student to behave well in the classroom, the teacher must be consistent when dealing with classroom rules and procedures (Charles, 2011). If the teacher enforces the same consequences for misbehavior each time it occurs, the student is likely to understand that the behavior must be diminish to avoid the negative consequence the next time. Repetition is essential to a strong classroom management plan. Explaining the classroom rules and procedures at the beginning of the school year guarantees that all students will understand and learn the rules and procedures. One way that is suggested by the Canters to accomplish this goal is to hold a class meeting in the first week of the school year to explain the rules and procedures (McIntyre, n.d.). After holding the class meeting, the Canters further suggest to have the students write the rules down on a piece of paper to take them home to show their parents and have their parents sign the paper, agreeing that the students should follow the rules (McIntyre, n.d.). Having the rules put in writing by the student allows them to feel that they are obligated to uphold the classroom contract they signed between themselves and the teacher. Therefore, they are able to feel responsible for following the rules. Many discipline theories are somewhat related. In this case, I feel William Glassers method can be closely linked to the Canters method. Glassers believes that it is important for the teacher to develop a strong positive relationship with the students (Charles, 2011). For this to happen, the students must trust the teacher first, and then respect will come (Charles, 2011), If there is a connection between student and teacher, the student will respond better in various discipline situations. Building a strong relationship with my students is key to my personal classroom management plan. Along with Glasser, I feel there is another relative theorist that falls in line with the Canters method Barbara Coloroso. Coloroso states that, Teachers should never treat students in ways they, the teachers, would not want to be treated (Charles, 2011, pg. 75). There are four things Coloroso references that appropriate discipline can do that punishment cannot: 1. Show students what they have done wrong, 2. Give them ownership of the problems involved, 3. Provides strategies for solving the problems, 4. Leave dignity of the student intact (Charles, 2011, pg. 75). Classroom rules should always be clearly displayed in the classroom where all students can see them and be reminded of them. The students should be able to see the rules regardless of their location in the classroom, which will eliminate some misbehavior if the students are able to see and think about the rules before braking one of them. The placement of the classroom rules is another means of effective discipline because the chance of student misbehavior can be lessened. Procedures and Routines: 1. Material Distribution: Assignments will be distributed on each students desk before the class begins, so it is ready for them to begin working on their assignments when they sit down. Positive and appropriate behavior will be recognized by the teacher to particular students by asking them to help pass out other materials during the classroom period. 2. Completed Work: Each day student work will be turned in to a tray labeled completed. Assignments that is not finished must be turned in to another tray labeled in progress any assignments in this particular tray will be available for students to work on if there is any available free time during the classroom period. 3. Recognition: Starting the first day of the school year, the teacher will place nametags on each students desk before class starts. This allows the teacher to see each students name clearly. This is a helpful tool for the teacher to get to know who each student is. 4. Signaling: The teacher will use signals to get the classrooms attention. The teacher will stand at the front of the room and raise their hand in the air. This means, that it is time to pay attention and please be quiet. With repetition, the students will learn this signal and it means time for class to start with all eyes on the teacher waiting for further instruction. 5. Attendance/Tardiness: The teacher will have a clipboard hanging on the wall next to the door that lists with each students name. As each student walks in for class, they will check off the square beside their name. This method will be used take attendance daily. Once the bell rings, the sheet of listed names will come off the clipboard, therefore, when tardy students come into the classroom, they will be unable to check their name. 6. Utensils: The pencil sharpener is available at the beginning and end of each classroom period. If a new pencil is needed during the middle of the lesson, there will be freshly sharpened pencils available at the front of the classroom where they may retrieve one quietly and return to their seats. The pencils will be replaced back into the pencil basket at the end of the class period for the next period students to use. Implementation of Classroom Management Practices: Classroom rules/expectations: The first day of school will be an informal one, where the teacher will conduct a classroom meeting. For the classroom meeting, the students and teacher will gather in a circular desk arrangement and all will discuss the classroom rules, procedures, and expectations. This is an open forum for all to discuss or address questions in regards to the rules, procedures, and expectation for the school year. The classroom rules will be achieved through collaboration from the students. Each student writes down five rules that they feel will guide them in their behavior within the classroom during the school year. The teacher will already have two set classroom rules chosen and non-negotiable. All classroom rule suggestions from the students will then be written on the whiteboard, the class will vote, the top five classroom rules chosen by majority vote will be written down with the set two teacher chosen rules, and the rules will be proudly displayed in the classroom where each student can se e them. The following day, a classroom contract will be handed out to each student to sign along with his or her parents to return to the teacher. Within the contract, the rules will be addressed as well as the consequences. Non-Negotiable Teacher Rules: 1. Be respectful a. In words b. In actions and gestures d. Do not threaten anyone 6. Be a good citizen a. Obey rules and laws in and out of the classroom b. Always do your best, the best you can c. Be a leader Curriculum/Instruction: Engaging students in instruction is essential to prevent negative behavior. The teacher will prepare lessons that will encourage questions and discussion and analysis. In doing so, the students curiosity will be piqued and allowing for them to be active in parts of the lesson so they can exert their creative, verbal, social, and sometimes physical energy during the learning process. Conclusion: To develop a preventative, supportive and corrective management style, I will establish rules and consequences with my students collaboratively the first day of school. There will be consistent review of each rule and established consequences. I will establish consequences for both negative and positive behavior. The use of these consequences will help shape students overall classroom behavior. I will be creating lesson plans that involve the whole student body and encourage them to use their mind creatively and analytically. Also, I lessons will encourage communication that will encourage each student to vocalize their thoughts throughout the lesson. I will build positive and caring relationships with each student, which will allow them to trust me to guide them for success. Furthermore, I will share my classroom management plan with the parents and school administration via a formal letter. The letter will be in explicit detail of the classroom rules, procedures, and expectations o f the classroom body as a whole.

Matriarchal Figures in The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde a

Matriarchal Figures in The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde and Persuasion by Jane Austen ‘A dominant female member of the family’[1] is often described as a matriarch. Lady Bracknell in ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’ and Lady Russell in ‘Persuasion’ fulfill this role therefore can be described as matriarchs, and as such they play vital roles. They affect the lives of Gwendolen and Anne, by imposing their beliefs on them. Although Lady Russell is not related to any of the characters in ‘Persuasion’, after Anne’s mother died Lady Russell took on the role of her mother. Lady Russell has some control over Anne, as Anne ‘had always loved and relied on’ her and cannot believe she would ‘be continually advising her in vain’. The matriarchs are pivotal as they are the prime reasons for the plots’ complications; Lady Bracknell tries to prevent two potential marriages between Jack and Gwendolen, and Algernon and Cecily, and she is the reason Jack finds out about his family connections. Lady Russell persuades Anne not to marry Wentworth causing eight years of heartache and misery, as she was wrongly persuaded. She induces further complications by trying to persuade Anne to marry William Walter Elliot, when Anne and Wentworth meet again. Lady Bracknell’s importance is enhanced because she overshadows her husband, which is true to her matriarch ways, and he occupies a subordinate position. Lady Bracknell has taken the opposite role to that which society accepted in the 1890’s, her husband stays at home, while she goes to social gatherings. Her husband’s role is summed up in Gwendolen’s speech to Cecily about her father. ‘The home seems to be the proper sphere for the man. And certainly, once a m... ...y say that Anne should marry for money ‘she deprecated the connexion [to Wentworth] in every light’, and only approves of alliances with men with money, such as Charles Musgrove and William Walter Elliot. The matriarchs actions and advice to women would be ‘don’t marry for money, but go where money is’[8]. [1] The Pocket Oxford Dictionary [2] York Advanced Notes ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’ [3] Richard Foster , Wilde as Parodist: A Second Look at The Importance of Being Earnest [4] Inside the House of Fiction, ‘Jane Austen’s Cover Story’ [5] Dan Rebellato, Drama Classics Series, ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’ [6] York Notes Advanced – ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’ [7] Richard Foster , Wilde as Parodist: A Second Look at The Importance of Being Earnest [8] Juliet McMaster , Alfred Lord Tennyson as quoted in ‘Class’

College Athletes Essay

For the longest time the NCAA was never a multi-billion dollar industry; many years they did not make half of that. Many big colleges had budgets that would make teams such as Alabama, Georgia, Miami, Oregon, Etc. laugh about what they were able to provide for sports. There have been questions for years about whether a college athlete should be paid or not and if athletes deserve to be paid for what they do at that level, after already being paid to go to school there, for most of the players. When athletes go to college they still put themselves in the same physical danger as a professional athlete does. The NCAA alone is a multi-billion dollar industry that generated over 845 billion dollars last year in 2011. Facts have shown that college athletes in the NCAA, on an annual salary, make zero dollars; however, it is a blessing that they are going to school for free. This business is that they get all the work done and the business they want to come in and basically the NCAA athletes work for free. Having a scholarship and having their education paid for is something great but the money they get for school is not the only money they need for the bumpy road to their profession. The billions of dollars that is received annually is nowhere close to being equitable to just a bachelor’s degree. What the student athletes are earning is a big slice of heaven to some students and their families of course, but it showed accumulate to something higher than that degree of college education. â€Å"The NCAA has been historically stubborn over changing its ways to adapt to the times. But lately, even NCAA President Mark Emmert has conceded that it may be time for college players in big money sports to start getting a cash stipend amounting to as much as a few thousand dollars per year. † (Blake Baxter, Eureka College) At least the president of the NCAA has been admiring the idea of giving money to the players and helping them through their college years. Being an athlete in college is having a job, and their job is to bust their butts at practice, come to play on game day, and repeat that cycle, with no pay. Many athletes with their schedules do not have time to make themselves meals, so they have to buy food or they drive to places where they could get it- which costs money in gas. Football and basketball at the Division One level have been the biggest suppliers of money because many of their revenues. These two sports have evolved to the level that coaches and universities are making staggering amounts of money off of the talent of their student-athletes. With the amount of money coaches and schools make, the athletes should be able to get paid for their hard work, all the pain that they put their bodies through, the countless hours of practice workouts, and classes. Surely they need to be paid for putting it all on the line. Argument #2 Many college athletes make decisions that will change their lives- such as Trent Richardson, who played for University Of Alabama. Richardson had to deal with the decision of having to raise two children while being a full time college athlete. When all this was going on, Richardson had no income what so ever, no time, and was dedicated to the football program at U of A. Richardson brought publicity to his school and to other athletes with children that they were trying to raise. While Richardson was at school playing, his two daughters would be at home with their mother watching their daddy play and kissing the screen when he would appear. â€Å"He’s a big strong guy, he’s hitting everybody in practice. And when he’s around his kids, he’s a completely different person,† running back Eddie Lacy said. â€Å"He’s real sweet. He’s a good father. † With all the strength he shows on the field and the sweetness he shares with his daughter, and the hard work he and others put out, they still earn zero dollars each year. It shows and tells all the time- he puts in time and effort to make it in life and take care of his girls â€Å"It’s a level of maturity you don’t normally find among guys his age,† running backs coach Burton Burns said. â€Å"They are a priority for him. He has a tough schedule with school and football, but he is going to find time to spend with those girls. † That level of maturity should never be second guessed and overlooked to give certain players money to get through school and help raise their family like in Richardson’s situation. He is basically working a full time job, going to school, and playing football for Coach Saben. He needs to get what he earns, which would be a little salary. A father and athlete that could say this â€Å"I don’t want them to struggle like I did, to go through the stuff I had to go through,† Richardson said. â€Å"That’s really motivated me on the field. â€Å"Because when I play with my girls on my mind, I feel like nobody can stop me. † Richardson is not the only struggling college athlete. There are a lot of other teams in college that have athletes that participate in the games and practices but do not get any profit from their hard work and dedication. Argument #3 Eric LeGrand, the former Rutgers University football player who was paralyzed from the neck down during a 2010 game, GIving the same effort that each professional athlete makes each game day. Players putting their bodies in this physical danger, and only getting a certain degree when graduating after four years of college. LeGrand the Big Defensive Lineman was on kick off team running down the field trying to make a tackle, and when hitting a player he fell to the ground and was motionless; it was devastating. â€Å"The way Eric lives his life epitomizes what we are looking for in Buccaneer Men,† Schiano said. If the NCAA would recognize the effort and the danger these athletes are put in, they would be generous and give college athletes a little salary. Players like LeGrand are why i stand behind the decision to pay the players a little profit of what they help make. Without all of these amazing athletes i dont beleive the schools would encounter most of the money they make as a university or college. NOt just football, other sports bring in huge amounts of money from ticket sales, team apparel sales, etc. College Athletes are the epitome of where all the money comes from and deserve more then a bachelor degree, and deserve a little allowance for all their hardwork, bringing in a lot of the income. Works cited http://usatoday30. usatoday. com/sports/college/football/acc/story/2012-01-08/tough-guy-richardson-softens-up-as-a-dad/52458854/1 http://www. cbssports. com/collegefootball/story/21575106/if-college-athletes-really-owe-schools-money-then-they-must-be-paid

Racism in Professional Sports

Racism is a problem that has existed in our society for many years. The roots of racism date back to when slavery was considered normal, and even further back then that. Racism happens all the time, everyday and everywhere. It is a complex issue which occurs at many different levels. In the world of sports racism is happening more often and becoming more of a concern. The first major example is of Jackie Robinson. Robinson is considered a leader in the black community for breaking the color barrier in the sport of baseball. Although Robinson went through a great deal of prejudice, many black athletes today face similar problems. The National Hockey League, Major League Baseball, and many other associations are dealing with this problem even still today. Racism doesn't only occur on the field. Today the management side of sports is more racist then the on field part. Racism is a problem that existed in sport when it first originated and continues to exist even in the world of sport today. Racism started in the beginning of sport when there were two separate leagues, the white league and the black league. It was in 1947, when Jackie Robinson stepped into the white world of baseball, that people noticed this was occurring. At the time no one was concerned with this because everything was segregated back then. â€Å"The verbal taunting, physical abuse, and death threats unleashed on him and his family had the 27 year old on the verge of mental breakdown (Guss, 1997). Robinson got through it by ignoring all those comments and using it as the reason he would play, to prove everyone wrong. He realized that he represented an entire race of people and if he were to explode he would condemn himself and his entire race. â€Å"I suffered then because I hoped to provide a better future for my children and for young black people everywhere, and because I naively believed that my sacrifices might help a little to make America the kind of country it was supposed to be†(Guss, 1997). Despite all the negativity, Robinson excelled in the majors by winning the 1947 Rookie of the Year award and helping lead his team to the World Series. Robinson's perseverance throughout his career is what paved the way for black athletes to make a stand and prove to the world that they can compete with white athletes. After Robinson's career was over the opportunity for black athletes to play on the same level as whites athletes had increased greatly. Although Jackie Robinson was discriminated upon half a century ago many black athletes today have to go through similar racism. In Major League Baseball racism is still a concern. Even though today African Americans are given an equal opportunity to compete, there are still certain people and players that disagree with this. In the same day and age that Albert Belle can earn $10 million per year, indicating that players are paid based on talent rather than skin color or personality, African Americans failed to make any progress (Guss, 1997). A big controversy that occurred during the 2000 baseball season included Atlanta Braves relief pitcher John Rocker. In an interview with Sports Illustrated Rocker made many derogatory, sexist, and racist remarks about the city of New York and the people who lived there. For his actions he was given a 22 game suspension and a reputation in society and throughout baseball as a racist(http://www. spn. go/profile/prifiles. com/mlb). Another example of racism in modern day baseball involves Marge Schott. â€Å"In an interview with Primetime Live, Cincinnati Reds owner Marge Schott repeated her belief that everyone uses the word nigger. She argued that racism is an invention of the press. Schott had been suspended from baseball for allegedly declaring that ‘I'd rather have a trained monkey working for me then a nigger,' and remarking ‘Hitler was good in the beginning but he went too far†(Steinberg, 1992). Schott was punished for her remarks with a $25,000 fine, a suspension for one year, and removal from the Reds day to day operations. Baseball chairman Bud Selig wants to make it clear to everyone associated with baseball that racism will not be excepted in this business. From John Rocker to Marge Schott the world of baseball has been altered by their remarks. It was thought that there was racist thoughts in Major League Baseball, but these two actions brought it to the forefront. The chairman definitely made the right move by suspending and fining these two. By doing that he shows that â€Å"racist utterances have no place in the national pastime†(Kirshenbaum, 1993). The National Hockey League is a sport that has been dominated by white players for its entire existence. There is an extremely small percentage of black players in the NHL today. Mike Greer of the Edmonton Oilers is one of these few black players. During one of the games last season Greer was being given a hard time and players kept yelling racial slurs at him. Another incident that occurred was between Marty McSorley and Donald Brashear. Donald Brashear, like Greer, is one of the few African Americans in the National Hockey League. The incident that occurred between these two was that McSorley hit Brashear in the face with his stick. This happened toward the end of the game, in which MrSorley was immediately thrown out of the game. NHL Commissioner Gary Bettmann acted quickly by hitting McSorley with a suspension for the remainder of the regular season, which only had twenty three games remaining. This was the longest suspension for any player due to an on ice incident. On top of that suspension the case was taken to court. â€Å"Although McSorley was found guilty by a Canadian court he received only an eighteen months probation, and the offense won't appear on his record if he completes the time without violating the terms of the probation. McSorley is also forbidden to play against Brashear in Canada or the U. S. during the probationary period. As an unrestricted free-agent it's possible no one will sign the 17-year veteran; if they do, he must meet with NHL Commissioner Gary Bettman before being reinstated†(Hardesty, 2000). Race is an issue everywhere and it always going to be,† says Pro Bowl running back Ricky Watters. â€Å"It's sneaky now. The owners have to be politically correct now. It isn't fashionable anymore to be a racist. Now they have to kind of go behind the scenes, but believe me it's still there. It's not really something you can explain. It's just a feeling. Just look at how many black head coaches were hired this year†(Guss, 1997). This quote was in response to the year of 1997 when Sherm Lewis, offensive coordinator for the Green Bay Packers who is African American wasn't even interviewed for a head coaching job. This is an issue because teams usually look for successful coordinators to be the head coach of their team. Sherm Lewis had just led his team to a Super Bowl appearance, while having his offense lead the league in points and yards per game. On top of this Dan Reeves, former coach of the New York Giants, was offered a head coaching position for the Atlanta Falcons after going 31-33 his last four years. It makes you wonder why a successful offensive coordinator with four Super Bowl appearances under his belt would not get interviewed while another man with a poor record would be given a head coaching job. As NFL's all time sack leader Reggie White puts it, â€Å"There is racism in the NFL. There are teams who have problems with black coaches and black quarterbacks†(Guss, 1997). Racism does exist in every aspect of life. From earlier times to more recent times it is obvious that racism is a part everyday life. When Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier in sports in 1947 he had imagined that by today things would have changed significantly, and to some extent they have. Even though African Americans are now allegedly offered similar treatment in sport, they are still treated differently. In all sports there is a very small percentage of African American coaches and managers. In some cases the black coach has had a much better resume, but still not given the job. This is the world we live in today. Racism is still a problem and will continue to be until their are changes made in the front office. As Hank Aaron says, â€Å"It's a closed society in many ways. We will still have some problems in sports, no question about it. I want people to realize that we still have a long way to go†(Guss, 1997).